A group led by Drs. Masaki Nishioka and Tadafumi Kato at Juntendo University used postmortem brains from bipolar disorder patients to perform single-nuclei RNA sequencing analysis and revealed a marked reduction in neuronal numbers and changes in gene expression within the paraventricular thalamic nucleus, suggesting its central role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. The research results were published in Nature Communications.