Research using human postmortem brains is important for understanding mental and neurological disorders and advancing their treatment. Postmortem brains are obtained through autopsies, but the number of autopsies performed worldwide is declining. As a result, there is a possibility that postmortem brain tissue research, which is necessary for understanding human brain diseases and linking them to treatment, may not be conducted appropriately. Therefore, we operate a brain bank to collect human postmortem brains and use them appropriately for research. Currently, the Japan Brain Bank Network (JBBN), comprising 17 facilities in Japan, aims to contribute to research in Japan and around the world. Brain banks are based on autopsies conducted with the consent and wishes of patients and their families. We hope that not only researchers but also members of the general public will take an interest in brain banks. We will continue our efforts to ensure that brain banks contribute to the advancement of medicine and bring hope to humanity.