This study investigates two main points: how the properties of neural cells and local circuits at the microscale influence the behavior of the entire circuit at the macroscale, and how differences in local circuit structure across animal species impact the circuit’s information processing capabilities. To achieve this, we will perform microscale connectome reconstruction through large-volume electron microscopy image analysis and conduct large-scale simulations using supercomputers. Eventually, we will develop techniques that enable scaling across multiple species and hierarchical levels, from mice to humans and from micro to macro.