Brain function arises from information processing in neural circuits. Neurological and psychiatric disorders are caused by dysfunction of neural circuits. However, it remains unclear which specific brain functions are produced by which particular neural circuits, and which neural circuits are dysfunctional in neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this study, we aim to label neural circuits at the cellular level using novel viral vectors to enable a 5-dimensional neural circuit analysis (x, y, z, t, connection) that links the structure and function of neural circuits.